South and Central American Farms
Alan Nafzger, Ph.D. responsible care: An initiative of the chemical industry which requires member firms to follow codes of conduct on such matters as toxic materials, waste reduction, chemical-accident minimization, worker safety, and community consultation. Following responsible care principles ensures safe and sustainable agricultural practices.
inactivity: The state of not being active. Helps farmers recognize periods of inactivity in crops or livestock and take appropriate action.
recessive: (of a gene or genetically controlled characteristic) suppressed by the presence of a corresponding dominant gene. Understanding genetics helps farmers with selective breeding programs to enhance desirable traits in crops and livestock.
defoliate: To make the leaves fall off a plant, especially by using a herbicide or as the result of disease or other stress. Defoliation can be a management tool or a sign of plant stress. Farmers should monitor crops for signs of disease or environmental stress and take appropriate actions to mitigate defoliation. Using defoliants judiciously can help manage crop canopies and improve harvest efficiency. Regular scouting and timely interventions will ensure healthy crop growth and productivity.
A dairy product made by fermenting milk with beneficial bacteria, resulting in a thick, tangy product. Yogurt is consumed as a snack, dessert, or ingredient in recipes. For instance, making Greek yogurt by straining regular yogurt to achieve a thicker consistency.
Compulsory Dipping Period: Compulsory dipping period noun a period of time, usually some weeks, during which all sheep in the country must be dipped. Managing compulsory dipping periods helps control parasites and protect sheep health.
The relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in the soil, which affect its physical properties and behavior. Soil texture influences water retention, drainage, and nutrient availability. For example, analyzing soil texture to determine its suitability for different crops and management practices.
gleying: A set of properties of soil which indicate poor drainage and lack of oxygen. The signs are a blue-grey color, rusty patches, and standing surface water. Identifying gleying helps farmers address drainage issues and improve soil health.
Jack bean: Jack bean – a tropical legume (Canavalia ensiformis) grown as a fodder crop. Helps farmers provide nutritious fodder for livestock.
Livestock Records: Livestock records are simple records of all livestock, which each farm has to make and which are then available for the Defra returns which are compiled each year. Maintaining accurate livestock records can help farmers track animal health and productivity and comply with regulatory requirements.
hump: The rounded flesh on the back or shoulders of an animal, such as a camel, or certain breeds of cattle. Managing humps in livestock supports their health and well-being.
variegated: Referring to a plant with different-colored patches. Recognizing variegation can aid in identifying specific plant varieties and managing crop diversity.
Crumb: Crumb noun 1. the soft inside part of baked bread, surrounded by the harder crust 2. arrangement of soil particles in a group. ped. Understanding soil crumbs aids in managing soil health and structure.
The process of a dairy cow giving birth and beginning to produce milk. Freshening is a critical event in a dairy cow’s production cycle. For example, managing freshening to ensure cow health and optimize milk production.
pest: An organism which attacks a plant or animal, causing damage and reducing the value of the crop or animal. Managing pests effectively prevents economic losses and ensures healthy crop and livestock production.
The technologies and platforms used to process sales transactions, including cash registers, card readers, and inventory management. For example, adopting food product POS systems to improve sales processing and streamline retail operations.
residual: Referring to the amount of something that is left behind. Understanding residual levels helps farmers manage pesticide and fertilizer use, ensuring food safety and environmental health.
estate village: A planned village built within an estate. Understanding estate villages helps farmers manage rural communities and agricultural land.
grain drier: A grain drier is a machine that dries moist grain before storage. Using grain driers prevents spoilage and ensures the grain’s quality, improving marketability and storage efficiency.
stag: a male deer; the male of various animals castrated after maturity; a male turkey. Managing stag populations on farms supports biodiversity and ecological balance, promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
roe deer: One of the breeds of deer which are found wild in the UK. Understanding local wildlife helps farmers manage land and protect crops from grazing animals.