South and Central American Farms
Alan Nafzger, Ph.D. alley cropping: The planting of crops such as maize or sorghum between trees. The trees help to prevent soil erosion, especially on slopes, and may benefit soil fertility if the leaves are used as mulch or if the trees are legumes. Implementing alley cropping practices helps farmers improve soil health and crop yields.
Vegetated areas along water bodies that help protect water quality by filtering runoff, reducing erosion, and providing habitat for wildlife. Riparian buffers are important for environmental conservation and sustainable agriculture. For example, planting trees and grasses along a stream to create a riparian buffer and improve water quality.
The spleen of cattle, often used in traditional dishes and for making pet food. For example, producing beef spleen for culinary and industrial purposes.
The pursuit and implementation of new technologies and innovative practices in agriculture to improve productivity, sustainability, and profitability. For example, exploring agri-innovation and technology adoption to enhance farm operations and stay competitive.
The snout of cattle, often used in traditional dishes and for making pet food. For example, producing beef snout for culinary and industrial applications.
The approaches used to identify, assess, and mitigate risks in mushroom farming, including crop insurance, diversification, and hedging. For example, developing mushroom farm risk management strategies to protect farm income and reduce vulnerability to adverse events.
horticulture: The cultivation of flowers, fruit, and vegetables in gardens, nurseries, or glasshouses, as a science, occupation, or leisure activity. Practicing horticulture diversifies farm products and provides additional income streams.
A method of marking animals by injecting ink into the skin, usually inside the ear. Tattooing provides a permanent form of identification. For example, tattooing registration numbers on purebred livestock for breed certification and record-keeping.
The science of feeding animals to ensure their growth, health, and productivity. This involves formulating balanced diets that meet the nutritional needs of different species. For instance, creating a feed mix that provides all necessary nutrients for dairy cows.
digestive: Referring to digestion. Digestive health is crucial for maintaining the productivity and welfare of livestock. Farmers should work with veterinarians and nutritionists to develop diets that promote optimal digestive health. Implementing proper dietary practices and monitoring digestive health will enhance the well-being and performance of livestock.
durum: A type of wheat grown in southern Europe and the USA and used in making semolina for processing into pasta. Latin name: Triticum durum. Durum wheat is prized for its high protein content and strong gluten, essential for pasta production.
microclimate: The climate of a small, specific area that may differ from the surrounding general climate. Understanding microclimates helps farmers optimize growing conditions for different crops.
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Northern Ireland: The department of regional government which deals with farming, the environment, animal welfare, and rural development in Northern Ireland. Abbr DARDNI. Farmers in Northern Ireland should engage with DARDNI to access resources and support for sustainable farming practices. Utilizing DARDNI’s programs can enhance farm productivity, environmental stewardship, and compliance with regulations. Staying informed about DARDNI initiatives will help farmers adopt best practices and benefit from available opportunities.
timber: Trees which have been or are to be cut down and made into logs. Managing timber resources effectively can provide sustainable income and support conservation efforts.
Fodder Storage: The storing of fodder for use in winter. Proper fodder storage practices ensure a consistent feed supply for livestock during the winter months.
Foetal: Referring to a foetus. Proper management of foetal development ensures healthy livestock births and productivity.
damson: A small dark purple plum (Prunus damascena). Damsons are hardy and can be used for making preserves, jams, and desserts. For farmers, growing damson trees can provide a diversified income stream. They require well-drained soil and minimal pruning, making them relatively easy to manage. Farmers should monitor for pests and diseases and ensure proper fertilization to maximize fruit yield.
Beef Special Premium Scheme: A former subsidy for producers of male cattle, now replaced by the Single Payments Scheme. Understanding historical subsidy programs helps farmers navigate current agricultural policies.
Fairy Ring: A circle of darker colored grass in a pasture, caused by fungi. Farmers can use this knowledge to identify and manage soil health and fungal issues in their pastures.
gadfly: A fly that bites cattle, such as the horsefly or bot fly, most common from late May onwards and causing considerable trouble to cattle. Awareness and management of gadflies can help reduce cattle stress and potential injuries, leading to better overall herd health and productivity.
intestinal diseases: Diseases and conditions which affect the intestines of animals, e.g. anthrax, dysentery, parasites, enteritis or swine fever. Helps farmers identify and manage digestive health in livestock.